The increasing over-hunting and deforestation practices have put many species of this squirrel in danger.Fox and Gray squirrels are active from dawn to dusk, with most feeding occurring in the early morning, and then again in the mid-afternoon. They emit specific alarm calls to alert other squirrels when they are threatened. Their agility is helpful to them to escape from their predators.

Predators of eastern fox squirrels include humans, bob cats, hawks, snakes, and owls. In wild, they live only for seven months on an average while in captivity they are known to live up to 18 years. After three months of their birth, they become independent and in one year, they reach their sexual maturity. The young ones have no fur at birth and are blind and helpless. These fox squirrels have two breeding seasons, in June and in December. They construct their house called 'dreys' according to the season. Unlike other squirrels, although most of their time is spent on the ground, they are still swift climbers. Fox squirrels are considered as diurnal and non-territorial animals. They also feed on fruits, buds, insects, food grains, small snakes, lizards, and birds eggs. Tree seeds are the first choice of Eastern fox squirrels when it comes to food. For communication with other squirrels, they make markings along with a specific scent. They have exceptionally good vision and their smelling and hearing senses are also well-developed. The fox squirrels have very sharp claws, flexors of forearms, and very well-developed extensors which help them in climbing. In the southern parts, it is found with only black color coat while in eastern regions, it is dark brown or black with stripes on its face and its tail and in rest of the areas, it is found with a brownish yellow or a grayish brown coat. There are three variations in its color according to the geographic conditions in which it is found to exist. The animals in the eastern parts are bigger. It can weigh anywhere from 1.1 lbs to 2.2 lbs (500 - 1000 grams). The total length of an Eastern Fox Squirrel measures 17.71 to 27.55 inches (45 - 70 cm) with its tail measuring 7.87 to 13 inches (20-33 cm). They habitat best in areas where oak, walnut, pine, and hickory trees are found in abundance, since they produce food-like nuts which are stored for the winter. They are also often found near urban developments where there are plenty of trees. They are seen in forest patches spreading to 400,000 sq. They have a very versatile choice in terms of their selection for habitat. They have also been introduced to Southern and Northern California. The fox squirrels are found almost everywhere in Eastern America, excluding Colorado, Texas, west of Dakotas, New England, and the southern parts of Canada.

Although there is a difference in their size and coloration, people mistake this squirrel for the Eastern Grey Squirrel in areas where both the species coexist. It is also known as the Raccoon Squirrel, Stump-eared Squirrel, Monkey Faced Squirrel, and Red Squirrel. The Fox Squirrel (Sciurus niger) is the largest squirrel among all the tree squirrel species found in North America. Suborder Sciurognathi contains 11 families